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When discussing income insurance for children in the state, you should take into consideration the cash benefits, tax benefits, services and cost benefits together. This study defined `child benefit` as supporting the child through cash benefit and child support tax system. It is necessary to shift the Korean child benefit system from the tax benefits to cash benefits. In order to introduce child allowance in Korea, whether to maintain or abolish the existing child-related tax systems should be discussed. Analysis results are as follows. First, The current Korean child benefit has confirmed that the income insurance of the child is made centering on the tax system, and showed a regressive system. Second, Appropriate tax reform appeared differently for each child allowance model. On the basis of the results, this study suggests the following policy implications. First, In discussing the introduction of child allowances, comprehensive consideration should be cash benefits for children, child support tax systems, and services and costs. Second, It is necessary to clarify the policy goal through the child allowance and establish the payment structure of the child allowance accordingly. Third, In introducing universal child allowance in Korea, the existing child support tax systems will have to be reformed together to prevent the overlapping of high-income household. Fourth, If the existing system for supporting child-related taxes should be maintained, it would be appropriate to introduce a semi-universal child allowance that restricts the benefit of high-income children in order to improve income distribution in Korea. Fifth, The issue of funding for child allowance can be mitigated by adjusting the existing tax system. Finally, it is necessary to improve income inequality by expanding the benefit level of Child Tax Credit for low-income households.
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